Afghanistan
Afghanistan: population, cities
Population
Number
According to
Countryaah website, Afghanistan has about 30 million residents.

Ethnic composition
The ethnic composition of Afghanistan consists of approx.
- 38% Pashtuns,
- 25% Tajiks,
- 19% Hazara,
- 6% Uzbeks and
- 12% smaller ethnic groups (Turkmen, Baluchi, Nuristani etc.)
Religious affiliation
99% of Afghans are Muslims (approx. 84% Sunnis and 15%
Shiites).
Only about 0.1% of the population are Christians - due to the persecution with a
decreasing tendency
National language
The languages of Afghanistan include Dari and Pashto as well as
numerous other languages
Capital, other cities
The capital of Afghanistan is Kabul with an estimated population of 4.5
million.
Other cities are:
Mazar-i Sharif with around 240,000 residents,
Kandahar with around 340,000 residents,
Herat with around 167,000 residents,
Jalalabad with around 160,000 residents and
Kunduz with around 118,000 residents.
Afghanistan: geography, map
Defined by
DigoPaul, Afghanistan is a landlocked country and covers an area of 652,000 km².

Thereof:
- Forest
Only around 3% of the country is forested.
- Meadow and pasture land
Around 46% of the land is used as meadow or pasture land.
- Fields and fields
Around 12% of the land is used as arable land or fields, in particular for
growing wheat, fruits, nuts, vegetables, cotton and poppy seeds.
- Desert
The southern and southwestern part of the country is mainly characterized by
deserts and semi-deserts. The Rigestan desert ("Sandland") covers an area of
around 25,000 km².
- Mountains
The Hindu Kush and Pamir Mountains.
National borders
Afghanistan shares a common border with a total of 6 countries with a total
length of 5,530 kilometers.
There are limits to:
China, km with a length of around 76,
the Iran, km with a length of around 936,
Pakistan, km with a length of around 2,430,
Tajikistan, km with a length of around 1,210,
Turkmenistan, with a length of around 740 km and
Uzbekistan, with a length of around 135 km.
Longitude and latitude
Afghanistan extends over the following geographical latitude (abbreviation
Δφ) and longitude (abbreviation Δλ):
Δφ = from 29 ° to 38 ° north latitude
Δλ = from 61 ° to 73 ° east longitude |
You can find detailed information on this subject under Longitude and
Latitude.
Legal time
For Afghanistan, the following value applies to Central European Time (CET),
i.e. the time without daylight saving time. A minus sign means that it is
earlier there and a plus sign that it is later than after CET:
Further and detailed explanations of the time can be found under Time zones,
time.
Highest point of the sun in Kabul
Kabul lies at a northern latitude of around φ = 34.5 ° (exactly: 34 ° 30 ').
If the sun is at the tropic, i.e. at δ = 23.5 °, summer begins in Kabul, this is
June 21. Then, for the highest position of the sun at noon, according to Eq. 1
(see position of the sun):
34.5 ° = (90 ° - h) + 23.5 °
so:
At 79 °, the sun in Kabul has the highest level of the entire year above the
horizon (more precisely: above the horizon).
mountains
Nowshak
The highest mountain in the country is the Nowshak with a height of 7,485 m.
Other high mountains are:
- Istoro Nal, with a height of 7,455 m,
- Sad Istragh, with a height of 7,037 m,
- Shah Fuladi, with a height of 5,143 m,
- Sikaram, with a height of 4,760 m and
- Koh-i-Qaisar, with a height of 4,148 m.
Rivers
Hilmend
The longest river in the country is the Hilmend with a length of around 1,300
km.
Other rivers in the country are:
- Amu Darya
- Hari Rud
- Helmand
- Khash Rud
- Farah Rud
- Balkhab
- Surkhab.
Lakes
The largest lake in the country is the Hamun-e-Saberi.
Another great lake is the God-e Zere.
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