Georgia

Georgia: population, cities

Population

According to Countryaah website, Georgia has about 4.5 million residents.

Ethnic composition

71% of the population are Georgians; 9% Russians, 7% Armenians, 6% Azeris, another 7% belong to other ethnic groups.

Religious affiliation

The majority of the population belong to the Georgian Orthodox Apostle Church. There are also the religious communities of the Armenians. In addition, people profess Islam, Catholicism, Protestantism and Judaism.

National language The national language is Georgian, minority languages are: Megrelian, Abkhazian, Armenian, Azeri and Ossetian.

Capital, other cities

The capital of Georgia is Tbilisi with a population of 1.3 million. Other cities are:

- Kutaisi with around 178,400 residents

- Batumi with around 118,300 residents

- Rustavi with around 112,600 residents

- Sukhumi with around 81,500 residents,

- Zugdidi with around 73,000 residents and

- Gori with around 46,700 residents.

Georgia: geography, map

Defined by DigoPaul, Georgia is located in Eastern Europe, on the border with Asia, south of the Caucasus, on the Black Sea. The country covers a total area of 69,700 km². Thereof:

• Forest

  Around 39% of the country is forested.

• Meadow and pasture land

  Around 28% of the land is used as meadow or pasture land.

• Fields and fields

  Around 12% of the land is used as arable land or fields, especially for growing fruit, wine and tea.

• Mountains

  Georgia is home to the Greater and Lesser Caucasus.

Norman fir

In 1838 the Finnish zoologist and botanist Alexander von Nordmann (1803-1866) found a new species of fir in what is now Georgia, which in 1842 was named Nordmann fir in his honor. In Germany it has become the most popular Christmas tree during the Christmas season.

National borders

Georgia has a common border with a total of four countries:

- Armenia with a length of around 165 km,

- Azerbaijan with a length of around 320 km,

- Russia with a length of around 725 km and

- Turkey with a length of around 250 km.

In the meantime, South Ossetia and Abkhazia have renounced Georgia, but they are not considered states under international law. The Enguri River forms the border between Georgia and Abkhazia.

Capital and other cities

The capital of Georgia is Tbilisi with around 1.1 million residents.

Gori

Other cities are Gori, the birthplace of Joseph Stalin. After the Blitzkrieg between Russia and Georgia in mid-August 2008, the city is largely destroyed and most of the residents have fled

Poti

The port city of Poti on the Black Sea was to become a kind of Dubai in the Middle East. But after the Russian invasion, the situation here changed fundamentally.

In Poti the Rioni flows into the Black Sea and the Greeks founded a branch here over 2,500 years ago. Legend has it that Jason of the Argonauts was looking for the Golden Fleece here.

Senaki

Senaki - located in western Georgia - was the seat of the 2nd Infantry Division of Georgia and should become a NATO-compatible base. But when the Russians approached the city in mid-August, the 4,000 soldiers disappeared without firing a single shot. The garrison was completely emptied by the Russians and later even by their own soldiers.

Tidal range in the Black Sea

In the Black Sea the mean tidal range is only around 5 - 10 cm, so that it is practically imperceptible.

For detailed explanations of ebb and flow, see Tides, Ebb and Flow.

Compare

The world's highest tidal range can be found in the Bay of Fundy in Canada, where it is up to 16 m, and at spring tide even over 20 m. The Bay of Fundy is located on the Atlantic between the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, which is called Nova Scotia in German and whose capital is Halifax.

On the German North Sea coast it varies between 1 m and 3 m. In the western Baltic Sea, on the other hand, the tidal range is only 0.3 m, while it is barely noticeable in the eastern Baltic Sea.

Longitude and latitude

Georgia extends over the following geographical latitude (abbreviation Δφ) and geographical longitude (abbreviation Δλ):

You can find detailed information on this subject under Longitude and Latitude.

Legal time

For Georgia, the following value applies to Central European Time (CET), i.e. the time (without summer time) in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. A minus sign means that it is earlier there, a plus sign that it is later than CET:

Further and detailed explanations of the time can be found under Time zones, time.

Highest level of the sun in Tbilisi

Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, lies at a north latitude of around φ = 43 °.

If the sun is at the tropic, i.e. at δ = 23.5 °, summer starts in Tbilisi, this is June 21. Thus, for the highest position of the sun at noon, according to Eq. 1:

43 ° = (90 ° - h) + 23.5 °

so:

At 70.5 °, the sun in Tbilisi has the highest level of the entire year above the horizon (more precisely: above the horizon).

You can find further and more detailed explanations on the subject of maximum solar levels under maximum solar levels.

mountains

Shchara

The highest mountain in the country is the Shchara in the Greater Caucasus on the border with Russia with a height of 5,200 m.

Dzhangi

The Dzhangi is located in the Caucasus on the border with Russia. With a height of 5,085 m, it is the second highest mountain in the country.

Kazbek

The Kazbek is with a height of 5047 meters the third highest highest mountain in the country. It is located in the Caucasus almost halfway between the Caspian and Black Seas in the north, close to the border with Russia.

According to the Greek legend, Prometheeus, who illegally brought fire to the people, was chained here on the orders of Zeus. And every day an eagle ate its liver, which kept growing back afterwards. He was only released from his torments through Hercules.

Rivers

Mtkvari (Kura)

The longest river in the country is the Mtkvari, called Kura in German, with a total length of 1,365 km.

The river has its source in the extreme northeast of Turkey, then flows through Georgia and Azerbaijan and flows into the Caspian Sea. Other important rivers are:

- Rioni with 227 km length

- Alasani with 351 km length

- Enguri with 213 km length.

Lakes

The country includes numerous smaller and larger lakes.

Parawani

The largest lake is the Parawani with an area of about 38 km². Other larger lakes are:

- Tabatskuri with an area of about 14 km²,

- Keli with an area of about 1.3 km² and

- Ritsa with an area of about 1.5 km².

The black sea

Georgia is located in the east of the Black Sea, with which it has a coastline of around 320 km.