Border security and territorial integrity still constitute fundamental moments in the foreign policy of the China and the basis of a deeply rooted nationalistic sentiment. In fact, in its millenary history, this immense country has been building and consolidating itself in the function of a ” state in between ”, surrounded by political tributaries or… Read More »
In the painting of the first Ming period, two schools dominate the artistic scene: the first, Zhe, tends to be more academic, although very balanced, the second, Wu, expresses greater expressive vigor and creative freedom. The distinction in two schools, one of the North, the other of the South, will be codified towards the end… Read More »
From the ‘Five Dynasties’ to Songs The troubled period following the disastrous fall of the Tangs, commonly known as the ‘Five Dynasties’ (907-960), saw the first great masters of the landscape appearing on the pictorial scene, a genre already widely practiced but now achieving daring results in the spatial layout of the majestic natural scenarios,… Read More »
In the period of the Eastern Han (24-220) security problems led to the movement of the capital to Luoyang, while the techniques and ornamentation of bronze mirrors and the processing of silk fabrics evolved, through indirect communication with the Roman Empire. Following the tracks of the caravan route, but in the opposite direction, it began… Read More »
In 771, after the sacking of the capital by nomads, and the shift towards the E of the center of power near Luoyang (Henan), the period of the Eastern Zhou (770-256 BC) usually began, in which it fully manifested itself the political and cultural fragmentation of the territory; for this differentiation, which is reflected in… Read More »
The Neolithic cultures Already from the late Neolithic (4000-2000 BC) that expressive language was formed which became peculiar to Chinese figurative production. The various cultures are characterized by ceramic production, village structure, jade and then other materials (bronze, silk, lacquer). Through a slow process of unitary cultural recognition we witness the evolution of a taste… Read More »
The influence of Western civilization on Chinese civilization has made itself felt – though not as profoundly as on literature – also on modern art. Chinese students, who in the last thirty years more and more have come to Europe, especially France, to study European art, were, on their return home, the propagandists of the… Read More »
The seventies saw the return to the values of traditional architecture, with the detachment from the typology of austere buildings echoing a western style, albeit stripped of any decoration. These buildings were highly criticized, both by the public and by the majority of Chinese architects, for their anonymity and monotony. New ways were therefore sought… Read More »
According to RELATIONSHIPSPLUS.COM, Chinese architecture in the last two decades has gone through a period of radical change. Despite the laborious search for a modern ‘national’ style engaged Chinese architects before, during and after the Maoist period and despite the emergence of some great figures of designers since the Republican period, Chinese architecture was substantially… Read More »
Great impetus has been given in China, in recent years, to archaeological research. After the end of the cultural revolution, which had marked a pause not in the excavation campaigns but in the publication of scientific studies and reports, in 1972 magazines entirely dedicated to archeology reappeared, such as Kao – ku (“Archeology”), Wen –… Read More »
China and Hong Kong At the end of September 2014, thousands of people took to the streets in Hong Kong to protest against the modalities of choice for the next head of the government of the special administrative region – called Chief Executive ¬ defined by Beijing with a decision taken on 30 August. Students… Read More »
Agricultural and forestry activities Despite the intense industrialization of large regions, China as a whole remains a markedly rural country. Few regions (none, in fact, on such a large surface) have been cultivated as intensely and for so long as China propria; in no other case, moreover, did the peasant population and the agrarian structure… Read More »
According to topschoolsintheusa, the intermediate latitude of the Austrian territory, its continental position and the essentially alpine nature of its territory explain very well the overall character of its climate which, if it belongs to the temperate ones, presents great local varieties. In today’s Austria, two climatic provinces can be distinguished: one with the climate… Read More »
Merchant marine. – Both for foreign and internal trade, the sea serves as a natural route. The Danish merchant fleet was composed in 1896 of 810 ships for 381,728 gross tons; today it includes 705 ships per ton. 1,088,006 of which: 496 steamboats per ton. 718.130.147 motor ships per ton. 353,391.62 sailing ships per ton.… Read More »
Population and society With more than 80 million residents, of which more than a third are under the age of 14, Egypt is the most populous state in the Arab world. Its population has nearly doubled in the past thirty years and population growth continues to outstrip the national economic capacity to support it. Since most… Read More »
The main sources of income for the federal budget are indirect taxes (the income tax, introduced in 1924, encountered serious difficulties in its application, and in 1926 it gave just 5% of the total income), and the revenue alone of customs reaches about ⅓ of the total; It should also be noted that only the product… Read More »
On August 30, 1857, the first Argentine railway was inaugurated, the base of the current Western company; the first stretch measured just over 10 kilometers and starting from the Parque square (now Lavalle) it reached the Floresta (now Vélez Sarsfield); gradually it went on prolonging, despite the financial difficulties of the company that had to… Read More »
At the end of the civil war (April 1939) some writers had been shot (Federico García Lorca and Ramiro de Maeztu among the best); others had fled into exile (Ramón Gómez de la Serna, Ramón Pérez de Ayala, Luis Araquistain, Juan Ramón Jiménez, Salvador de Madariaga, Américo Castro, Pedro Salinas, José Bergamín, Rafael Alberti, José… Read More »
Paleolithic. – The oldest vestiges of man are represented in Poland by the Acheuléan industry of the Ciemna cave in Ojców and that of Okiennik. The first has a local character (so-called Prądnik industry, studied by S. Krukowski), the second comes close to the culture of La Micoque. Mousterian deposits, rare in Poland, have been… Read More »
Mexico appears as the continuation of the area of highlands which, starting from Alaska, occupy the entire western side of North America and are collectively known as the Rocky Mountains. The bundle of high lands, which in the United States extends between the Pacific Ocean and the Prairie area, is gradually narrowing south of Oaxaca,… Read More »
At the beginning of the new century, the political debate in Sweden continued to focus on some problems that emerged in the last two decades of the twentieth century: from the reform of the welfare state , which has become imperative due to the increasing costs borne by the state, to the rethinking of traditional models of… Read More »
HUMAN AND ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY Central European state. The Hungary, Which at the 2001 census had registered 10,197,119 residents, With a density of 109 residents per km 2, it is experiencing a marked decline in the population, whose signs have begun to emerge since the early eighties of the 20th century. and that in the period from… Read More »
Industries. – Before 1851 all the occupied regions were dedicated to pastoralism; agriculture was of little importance and there were few manufactures: mills (220 in 1848), tanneries and breweries. The main exports at that time consisted of wool, fats, skins and salted meat; whale oil was also important but gradually this trade was dying out.… Read More »
The French invasions. – After Napoleon’s declaration of the continental blockade (1806), the Portuguese government refused to close its ports to England. Napoleon concluded the treaty of Fontainebleau with Spain, in which the partition of Portugal was stipulated, and had the country invaded by an army commanded by Junot (November 1807). The prince regent, with… Read More »
Until 2011 one of the most stable countries in the entire Middle East and North African arc, following the revolts triggered against the former regime of Muammar Gaddafi and the external intervention led by NATO in March 2011 (which, in October of that year also led to the death of Gaddafi), Libya today appears to… Read More »
Indonesia Island state in Southeast Asia. The geographical name (comp. Of Indo – and of the Greek νῆσος “island”), which is sometimes preferred that of Insulindia , refers to the set of about 14,000 islands located SE of the Asian mainland from the Bay of Bengal to the Sea of Arafura, between the Indian Ocean,… Read More »
Lithuania is the largest and most populous of the Baltic republics which became independent from the Soviet Union in 1991. Vilnius’s foreign policy was founded on four pillars: relations with the Scandinavian and Baltic countries, with those of the Eastern Partnership, as well as with European Union and United States. In light of the recent… Read More »
Central University of Venezuela. Located in the University City of Caracas, it maintains a student enrollment of approximately 54,222 undergraduate students and 8,317 postgraduate students, with 8,601 teachers of which 3,811 are retired; 8,372 professional employees: administrative 3,858 are retired, and 2,883 workers of them 1,679 are retired, distributed in 9 Faculties in Caracas, 2… Read More »
In addition to all this magnificent series of industries, which behind the call of the fossil treasure have nestled almost entirely inside the open corridor of the Haine-Sambre-Meuse, the textile industries, ancient glory of the Belgium. The famous cloth factories, which made the glory and wealth of Bruges, Ghent, Ypres (Yperen) in the 10th century.… Read More »
Reconfirmed with the elections of 1956, 1959 and 1962, the great coalition between the Catholics of the Oesterreichische Volkspartei (ÖVP) and the Social Democrats of the Sozialistische Partei Oesterreichs (SPÖ)) presented itself, at the beginning of the 1960s, as a “permanent coalition”: the data fundamental in the political system of the Second Republic. Established in… Read More »