It is a reliable hypothesis that the original pygmy populations had to withdraw from Guinea on an unknown date under the pressure of baga invaders, who, then mixed with the Serer and Mandingo populations, would have given birth to the Landuma State. The northern regions of the territory were included, between the century. X and XVI, in the sphere of influence of the Sudanese empires of Ghana, Mali and Songhai; always in the sec. XVI groups of Fulbe shepherds gradually established their control in the country by spreading Islam. The coast of Guinea, visited by the Portuguese in the century. XV, was then the scene of bitter disputes between these, French, English and Dutch, engaged in the trafficking of slaves and exotic products. The Company of Senegal established, during the rule of Richelieu and then of Colbert, increasingly frequent contacts with coastal areas (Rivières du Sud). In the first decades of the century. XIX French travelers and agents explored the inland regions and, between 1827 and 1859, agreements were signed with local leaders and rulers (including the king of the Landouma, Tongo) which placed much of the territory and the Fouta-Djalon region itself under the French influence. In 1882 an agreement with Great Britain led to the delimitation of the borders with Sierra Leone. At the end of the century. XIX the French penetration towards the upper Niger basin was hindered by Samory Touré, then defeated and captured in Guélémou in September 1898. Guinea, administratively united to Senegal until 1890, and later erected as an autonomous colony, passed under control of the governor general of French West Africa.
French Union (1946), after the reforms prepared by the Loi Cadre (1956) it did not follow the fate of the other French territories at the time of the creation of the French Community (1958). Sékou Touré, leader of the Parti Démocratique de Guinée (PDG), in fact chose full independence outside the Community (2 October 1958). Sponsor of a particular Guinean way to socialism, the Touré regime tried, not without difficulty, to carry out a development program, mainly availing itself of the support of the countries of the Communist East. On March 26, 1984, Touré died and a few days later a coup d’état brought the pro-Western colonel Lansana Conté to power. Together president of the Republic and head of the government, after having foiled an attempted coup (1985) and having consolidated his power, he introduced a new constitutional charter and a certain liberalization of the regime. Further steps forward were made in the following years with the establishment of the multi-party system and the development, in 1993, of the first presidential elections which, however, confirmed Conté to the supreme office of the state. In June 1995 the first multi-party political elections took place and the pro-government Party of Unity and Progress (PUP) obtained an absolute majority in Parliament: the opposition denounced serious episodes of fraud. The 2003 elections were boycotted by the opposition and in the first months of 2004 there were strikes in the universities for the right to education. In a climate of strong popular protest in January 2007 a strike called by the unions to demand the resignation of the president lasted for a long time and as a response Conté responded by proclaiming a state of emergency and martial law.
According to remzfamily, the death in December 2008 of President Lasana Conté was immediately followed by a military coup led by Moussa Dadis Camara, promising new elections, but arresting many members of the past administration and brutally suppressing street protests. After the withdrawal of Camara for an attack suffered (2009), the military was led by Sèkouba Konatè, while in January 2010 the military junta appointed Jean-Marie Dorè as prime minister. In November, the first free presidential elections were held, won by Alpha Condè (52.5%). The political elections of 2013, judged not entirely democratic by international observers, saw the victory of the party of President Condè. but by arresting many members of the past administration and brutally suppressing street protests. After the withdrawal of Camara for an attack suffered (2009), the military was led by Sèkouba Konatè, while in January 2010 the military junta appointed Jean-Marie Dorè as prime minister. In November, the first free presidential elections were held, won by Alpha Condè (52.5%). The political elections of 2013, judged not entirely democratic by international observers, saw the victory of the party of President Condè. but by arresting many members of the past administration and brutally suppressing street protests. After the withdrawal of Camara for an attack suffered (2009), the military was led by Sèkouba Konatè, while in January 2010 the military junta appointed Jean-Marie Dorè as prime minister. In November, the first free presidential elections were held, won by Alpha Condè (52.5%). The political elections of 2013, judged not entirely democratic by international observers, saw the victory of the party of President Condè. In November, the first free presidential elections were held, won by Alpha Condè (52.5%). The political elections of 2013, judged not entirely democratic by international observers, saw the victory of the party of President Condè. In November, the first free presidential elections were held, won by Alpha Condè (52.5%). The political elections of 2013, judged not entirely democratic by international observers, saw the victory of the party of President Condè.
