US statistics identifies 9 areas of the Bureau of the Census. Historically, the division of the country into 3 main regions – North, South and West. US statistics classify cities as settlements with a population of St. 25 thousand. 226 million Americans (over 80% of the population) live in cities, 55.5 million live in rural areas. In the USA, 9 cities with a population of St. 1 million: New York (8 million; metropolitan 21.2 million), Los Angeles (3.69 million; metropolitan 16.4 million), Chicago (2.9 million; metropolitan 9.16 million ), Houston (1.95M; metropolitan 4.7M), Philadelphia (1.5M; Metropolitan 6.19M), Phoenix (1.32M; Metropolitan 3.3M), San Diego (1.22 million; suburban 2.8 million), Dallas (1.19 million; suburban 5.22 million), San Antonio (1.14 million; suburban 1.6 million).
The average population density is 30.6 people. per 1 km2. The most densely populated east of the country. The highest population density is 436.3 people. per 1 km2 – in the state of New Jersey. The lowest is 0.4 people. per 1 km2 – in the state of Alaska.
Ethnic composition of the population: white – 77.1% (including Hispanic Americans of various racial and ethnic groups); African Americans, 12.9%; Asian Americans, 4.2%; Indians, Eskimos, Aleuts – 1.5%; residents of Hawaii and other Pacific islands – 0.3%; others – 4% (2000). Main languages: English, Spanish (a significant part of ethnic minorities).
The annual population growth is 0.89%. Birth rate 14.7%, mortality 8.7%. Child mortality (under the age of one year) 7 people. per 1000 newborns. Average life expectancy 77.1 years (White: male 74.5, female 80.2; black: male 67.6, female 74.8). The average number of children per woman aged 15-49 is 2.06. (2001).
The annual immigration quota is determined by the President in consultation with the US Congress. Official immigrant status is granted one year after entering the country. US immigration laws provide preferential treatment to individuals who have close relatives among US citizens, as well as to individuals who have a specialty required by the country or who have official refugee status. In 2000, immigration to the US was approx. 850 thousand people
Religious groups: Protestant 56%, Roman Catholic 28%, Jewish 2%, other 4%; non-religious 10%. In the US, religion is a private matter of citizens.
Sex and age structure: men — 138 million (49.1%), women — 143.4 million (50.9%); 0-14 years – 21% (men 30.1 million, women 29 million); 15-64 years – 66.4% (men 92.4 million, women 94 million), 65 years and older – 12.6% (men 15 million, women 20.5 million).
The total number of households is 105 million (with an average composition of 2.6 people). Marriage and divorce rates are 8.5% and 4%, respectively. The share of married men – 61.5%, single – 27%, widowers – 2.7%, divorced – 8.8%; married women – 57.6%, widows – 10.5%, divorced – 10.8%, unmarried – 21.1%. The total number of single Americans is 26.7 million; 52% of families do not have children under 18 years old, 79% have children under 6 years old.
Nationwide labor force 141.8 million people, including the unemployed, incl. 71.8 million men and 70 million women. The number of employees is 135.2 million people, 31% is employed in the field of management, 29% in trade and administrative and economic activities, 14% in the service sector, 24% in the mining and manufacturing industry, transport and handicrafts, in agriculture, forestry and fisheries – 2%. Unemployment 5.8% (2002).
Since December 1999, US citizens who retire at age 65 and have at least 10 years of work experience have been covered by social insurance in the amount of $1,405 per month. In 2001, there were 45.6 million recipients of $433 billion in old-age, disability, or survivor’s pensions. Children under 18 receive a survivor’s pension equal to 75% of the deceased parent’s wages. Provides for the payment of insurance in the event of the death of the breadwinner and his/her survivors and dependent parents who received more than 50% of their livelihood from him/her. OK. 6 million people are recipients of federal and local poverty benefits totaling $22.6 billion.
Literacy rate (population aged 15 and over, ability to read and write) 97%. 84.1% of Americans aged 25 and older have completed secondary education, and 25.6% have completed higher education, incl. 7% have a master’s or doctoral degree. There are 16.3 thousand public libraries in the country. Of the total number of 53.2 million students, 88% studied in public schools, 12% in private schools. Number of teachers per 1 thousand people – 11.5.
Health care costs are St. $1.3 trillion (13% of GDP), incl. federal spending – approx. $590 billion Americans not covered by health insurance, 38.7 million (14.2%), including 245 thousand people over 65 covered by medical care under the federal Medicare health insurance program. Federal allocations for Medicare are $224 billion. The state allocates $182 billion for the Medicaid program (health insurance for the poor). The cost of medical care per family (including payments from insurance funds) is $14.8 thousand. dollars (approx. 27% of family income) (2001). In the United States, there are 5.9 thousand local general hospitals and 17.2 thousand private hospitals, hospitals at medical research institutes, as well as drug treatment, psychiatric and other hospitals. The number of doctors per 1,000 civilians is 2.7. The number of hospital beds in public and private medical institutions (per 1,000 people) is 3.6.
According to Bridgat, the US tax system is based on the principle of progressive taxation, which provides for their collection from 6 categories of income (per taxpayer): from 0 to 7 thousand dollars per year – 10%, 7000-28,400 dollars – 700 dollars + 15%, $28,400 – $68,800 – $3.91k + 25%, $68,800 – $143,500 – $14.01k + 28%, $143,500 – $311,950 – $34,926 + 33% and St. $311,950 – $90,514 50 cents + 35%. Average tax payments per family range from $14,000 to $17,000 (depending on the state). Corporate tax rates for incomes up to $10 million are 15%, 25%, 34%, and 39%; St. $10 million – 35% and 38% (2003).
